The Punjab State has played a crucial role in ensuring food security in India, particularly after the Green Revolution of the 1960s. However, Punjab's economy, which heavily depends on agriculture, faces multiple challenges, including overdependence on wheat and rice cultivation, declining soil fertility, depleting groundwater and stagnant farmer incomes. To address these issues, diversification of agriculture has emerged as a key strategy to sustain the state's economic growth and environmental sustainability. This paper explores Punjab's economic structure, the significance of agriculture, the challenges associated with the current agricultural model and the potential benefits of agricultural diversification. It also examines policies, government initiatives and potential alternatives to traditional farming that can lead to a more sustainable and resilient economy.
Keywords: Agriculture, Economy, Diversification, Resources.