ABSTRACT
The study examines the trends, productivity, and profitability of major plantation crops such
as coffee, arecanut, coconut, rubber, and cashew in Karnataka. Plantation crops, being
perennial and capital-intensive, play a crucial role in enhancing rural incomes and export
earnings, particularly in the Malnad and coastal regions. Using secondary data from
government sources, the study evaluates cost–return structures, growth patterns, and regional
disparities across plantation zones. Findings reveal that while area under plantation crops has
gradually increased, yield growth remains inconsistent due to fluctuating input costs, climate
risks, and price volatility. Crops like coffee offer high returns but face greater market
uncertainties, while arecanut and coconut provide more stable, though moderate, incomes.
The analysis highlights infrastructural limitations, inadequate processing facilities, and the
absence of price stabilization mechanisms as key constraints. To improve sectoral
performance, the study recommends integrated farming systems, value addition at the local
level, improved access to institutional credit, and promotion of sustainable and diversified
plantation models. Strengthening Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), enhancing market
linkages, and incentivizing organic and GI-certified produce are essential to achieve
economic resilience. Overall, the research emphasizes the need for region-specific policy
frameworks that align with Karnataka’s agro-climatic diversity, thereby ensuring sustainable
growth and competitiveness in the plantation sector.
Keywords: Plantation crops, Economic performance, Crop diversification, Agricultural
sustainability, Horticulture.