ABSTRACT
Agriculture remains the backbone of the Indian economy, providing employment to a large proportion of the population and ensuring national food security. However, Indian agriculture faces multiple challenges such as climate variability, declining soil fertility, inefficient resource use, and fragmented landholdings. In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has
emerged as a transformative technology capable of improving agricultural productivity and efficiency. AI technologies—including machine learning, computer vision, drones, sensors, and predictive analytics—enable farmers to make data-driven decisions related to crop management, irrigation, fertilization, pest control, and market forecasting. In India, the integration of AI into agriculture is being accelerated through government initiatives, agrotech startups, and research institutions. This article examines the role of AI technologies in improving farm productivity in India, highlights real-world applications, and discusses economic benefits and challenges associated with their adoption.